A 2011 RCMP criminal intelligence brief on capital market fraud reported that even though so-called white-collar “criminalized professionals” can wreak havoc on financial markets and investors’ lives – and even though some of them have links to organized crime – they continue to fly largely “under the radar” and outside the scope of police intelligence reports.

“According to the Criminal Code, three or more persons cooperating to commit a criminal offence are considered an organize crime group, yet members of the law enforcement community and the general public do not afford the same level of importance to criminalized professionals as they do to more commonly known organized crime groups,” the briefing document said.